What is Gluten & Why you need to follow Gluten-free diet?
Gluten is the general term for a protein found in wheat, barley, rye, and triticale. All forms of wheat contain gluten, including durum, spelt, and farro. These proteins help bind foods together, maintaining their shape. Many everyday food products have gluten, such as pasta, bread, cookies, cakes, chips, cereals like corn flakes, flour mixes and beverages like beer. However, gluten is also an ingredient in a variety of less obvious foods like soups, sauces & salad dressings.
An individual may need to follow a gluten-free diet for several reasons:
Gluten sensitivity: A person with sensitivity to gluten might experience abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhoea, constipation, headaches, and fatigue after consuming gluten. Eliminating gluten from the diet may improve these symptoms.
Celiac disease: This is an autoimmune disorder in which an intolerance to gluten can damage the small intestine, leading to intestinal damage, poor nutrient absorption, and physical pain. Some people with celiac disease do not have any symptoms.
A person with celiac disease should consume a completely gluten-free diet.
Other people also choose to follow a gluten-free diet for weight loss reasons or a variety of other health reasons.
However, some people who do not have celiac disease or a gluten allergy experience symptoms similar to people with these conditions. This is known as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS).
According to the World Journal of Gastroenterology, NCGS may have links to some mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, as well as certain autoimmune disorders, such as:
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- Rheumatologic diseases
- Psoriasis
People who do not have celiac disease but experience other conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and eosinophilic esophagitis, may benefit from avoiding gluten.
Recent research also suggests that NCGS might be a disease of the gut that causes an immune response.
Other studies indicate that NCGS may involve changes in gut microbiota or have genetic, environmental, and pathological causes.